Overview of Natural, Socio-Economic and Environmental Conditions of the City

The factory was designed by a domestic consulting company. The condition of the factory's working area is such that it needs to have a clean air environment. However, it was observed that the factory caused a lot of dust in the indoor stadium. It is necessary to improve the surrounding air environment because the garbage burning process generates a lot of dust, affecting human health. Transportation of municipal waste from urban centers to the plant is being carried out by URENCO.

1.3. Overview of the city's natural, socio-economic and environmental conditions

1.3.1. Natural condition

(1) Geographical location: Mong Cai city is located in the Northeast of Quang Ninh province with geographical coordinates:

From 21 0 02' to 21 0 38' north latitude ,

From 107 0 09' to 108 0 07' east longitude.

The North and East border Dong Hung town, Guangxi province, China; The South borders the sea; The West borders Hai Ha district

Figure 1.3 - Diagram of the study area [13]

Mong Cai has a coastline of over 50 km long, an island area of 49.05 km2 , and a 70 km long land border with the People's Republic of China . The natural land area of Mong Cai city is 518.35 Km 2 , accounting for 8.43% of the entire province's area. Mong Cai has 17 administrative units including 8 wards and 9 communes (2 island communes are Vinh Trung and Vinh Thuc)

(2) Topography and geomorphology

- Northern mountainous terrain: Hilly area with altitude from 300m to 866m, slope over 250 , including 2 communes Hai Son and Bac Son.

- Terrain of the coastal midland: Area of about 28,000 hectares, accounting for 54.0% of the natural area, including low hills interspersed with valleys, terraced fields and some flat fields along rivers and seas. - Terrain of the southern island region: Vinh Thuc Island is a low mountainous area, terrain elevation varies from 40 to 166m, alternating between the low mountainous areas are wet rice valleys and arable land. Terrain elevation varies from 0.5 m - 8.0 m.

(3). Meteorology - hydrology

- Climate: Due to the influence of geographical location and topographic structure, Mong Cai's climate is characterized by a tropical coastal climate, the year is often divided into two distinct seasons: hot and humid summer, heavy rain. from April to October; Winter is cold and dry, with northeast winds lasting from November to March of the following year.

+ Annual average temperature is 22.4-23.0 0 C, the highest average temperature is 30-

34 0 C, the lowest average temperature in winter drops to 5-15 0 C.

+ The air humidity is relatively high, the annual average is 81%, the highest is March and April with 92% humidity, the lowest is October and November with 75% humidity.

+ Annual rainfall is quite high but irregular, average rain is 3,120 mm/year; The year with the highest rainfall is 3,830mm, the year with the smallest rainfall is 2,015mm.

+ Wind: Mong Cai city has two main wind directions: East - North and East winds

- Male.

+ Storm: Mong Cai is a coastal city so it is directly affected by storms coming from the sea. Months where many storms land are July and August. On average, Mong Cai is affected by 5 or 6 storms each year, most of which are small and medium storms.

+ Hoarfrost: Hoarfrost usually only occurs in the months of December, January, February, the time when the lowest temperature of the ground is likely to be below freezing temperature (0 o ) .

Below is a summary of weather developments in Mong Cai city in recent years.

Table 1.8 - Meteorological characteristics in recent years in Mong Cai city

Characteristic

Year
2007	2008	2009	2010	2011	2012
Temperature ( 0 C)	22.4	23.3	21.6	22.7	24.1	22.5
Humidity (%)	82	80	81	79	82	81
Rainfall (mm)	3540	2015	1980	2364	3034	2456
Number of hours of sunshine (h)	1600	1645	1578	1478	1592	1437

Maybe you are interested!

Source: Quang Ninh province statistical yearbook, 2012

- Hydrology: Mong Cai city has 3 main rivers: Ka Long River; Trang Vinh River; Pat Cap River. There are also many small river and stream systems with steep slopes and short flows. The dry season has little effect on production and life due to the small flow volume.

- Tides: Mong Cai sea area follows a homogeneous diurnal tide regime (1 day and night, the tide rises and falls, the water level fluctuates quite regularly. The high tide time is 12:18' and the low tide time is 12:32' ).

1.3.2. Current status of socio-economic development

(first). Economic growth

Mong Cai has developed rapidly and comprehensively, maintaining a high growth rate. The city's average annual economic growth rate in the period 2006 - 2010 reached 14.35%, higher than the provincial average. Quang Ninh (12.7%) growth of trade and tourism 18.35%, industry - construction

12.6%, agriculture - forestry - fisheries 6%. GDP per capita in 2010 reached

1,500 USD, an increase of 1.5 times compared to 2005.

(2) Economic restructuring

The economic structure has shifted towards gradually increasing the proportion of trade and services accounting for 73.2%, up 5% compared to 2005, industry and construction accounting for 11.9%, down 2.5%, compared to 2005. In 2005, agriculture accounted for 14.9%, down 2.5% compared to 2005.

(3). Current status of economic sector development

- Agriculture, Forestry and fishery :

+ Agriculture: Total cultivated area in 2013 reached 5,548 hectares, reaching 96.5% of plan, equal to 99.1% of stock; Total real output in 2013 reached 15,143 tons, reaching 93.3% of plan, equal to 97.6% of stock.

+ Livestock: In 2013, the cattle and poultry herd developed stably, the total number of cattle in the area was 198,490 heads (of which: Buffalo herd reached 5,842 heads, equal to 97.2% of the stock; Cow herd reached 1,679 heads , equal to 116.7% of stock; herd of pigs reached 34,630 heads, equal to 101% of stock; herd of poultry and waterfowl reached 156,339 heads, equal to 101% of stock.

+ Aquaculture: In 2013, the City organized a fishery stocking ceremony with the release of 200,000 shrimp and fish fingerlings; The total aquaculture area is estimated to reach 1,655.5 hectares, reaching 89.5% of the plan, equal to 112% of the stock (of which the shrimp farming area reached 1,092.8 hectares, an increase of 10.1% of the stock); Total output of the seafood industry is estimated at 9,755 tons, reaching 106% of plan, an increase of 11.2%

+ Forestry: In 2013, the City planted 599.7 hectares of concentrated forest, reaching 199.9% of the plan, equal to 124% of the target; 39,800 scattered trees were planted, equal to 87.9% of the stock; care and protect 2,343 hectares of forest, equal to 87.8% of the total value

- Industrial production - Handicraft industry: The production value of the industrial sector in the City has developed strongly (from March 2013, TEXHONG Group went into operation), the total industrial export value - Industrial handicrafts in 2013 reached 1,626 billion VND, reaching 893.2% of plan, equal to 741.2% of securities, of which State-owned enterprises reached 114,061 billion VND, equal to 175.3% of securities; Non-state enterprises reached 112,674 billion VND, equal to 42,172.8% of securities; Enterprises with foreign investment reached 1,398,872 billion VND...

- Activities of service industries

+ Trade - Import-Export Activities: Total value of imported and exported goods through the border gate in 2013 reached 3,034,266 million USD, equal to 90.1% of stock. Of which exports reached 539,396 million USD, equal to 99.6% of stocks; Imports reached 97.602 million USD, equal to 34.2% of stocks; TNTX-KNQ reached 2,397.268 million USD, reaching 94.4% of stocks; Import-export tax reached 457.665 billion VND, equal to 80.4% of stock

Domestic market: Total retail sales of goods in the City reached 5,741 billion VND, equal to 94.2% of stock;

Anti-smuggling work: In 2013, 896 cases were arrested, equal to 116% of stock, the value of goods seized reached 241.6 billion VND, equal to 61% of stock.

- Tourism activities: The total number of tourists passing through Mong Cai International Border Gate in 2013 reached 560,909 people, equal to 118.2% of the stock; Stay guests reached 164,935 people, equal to 103.9% of stock; Currently in the City there are 194 accommodation establishments equal to 91.5% of stock.

- Activities of service industries:

+ Financial - banking services: There are currently 16 branches and commercial banks operating in the area. Turnover of the entire industry in 2013 reached 200,777.3 billion VND, equal to 110.6% of the same period. Of which, capital mobilization revenue reached 4,528.6 billion VND, equal to 129.06% of stock; Loan sales reached 5,243.4 billion VND, equal to .6%; Border trade payments reached 33,842.9 billion VND, equal to 135.3% of securities; Money transfer services reached 157,162.4 billion VND, equal to 106.1% of securities

+ Postal and telecommunications services: In 2013, the total number of telephone subscribers (fixed + mobile) was 343,473 (equal to 101% of the stock), reaching a rate of 72.2 phones/100 people; The total number of internet subscribers reached 9,904 subscribers, equal to 111.8% of stock; The total number of cable TV subscribers reached 5,300 subscribers, equal to 104% of the stock

+ Transportation services: Total revenue from loading and unloading transportation services in 2013 reached 370.2 billion VND, equal to 107.9% of stock, the volume of goods transported in the year reached 684.9 thousand tons, equal to 93.7%CK; Passenger transport volume reached 3,701 thousand people, equal to 107.87%

(4). Population, labor, employment and income

- Population, population density: By the end of 2012, the whole city had over 91,500 people, of which women accounted for 50.2%. The urban population accounts for 59.16% of the entire city's population

town, with 13,270 households, an average of 3.97 people/household; The rural population accounts for 40.84%, with 8,634 households, an average of 4.2 people/household. The city's natural population growth rate is 1.45%, the mechanical population accounts for 7.28% of the total. population.

- Labor and employment: The number of people of working age in the city is 51,507 people, accounting for 57.76% of the total population.

1.3.3. Environment

According to periodic environmental monitoring data in 2013 conducted by the Center for Environmental Monitoring and Analysis - Quang Ninh province, including monitoring locations approved by the Provincial People's Committee in Decision No. 3108/QD-UBND dated September 25, 2008 of the People's Committee of Quang Ninh province "on approving the network of water and air environment monitoring points in Quang Ninh province until 2020", the results of the current environmental status of Mong Cai city are shown as follows:

(1) Air environment

Table 1.9 - Results of monitoring and analyzing the air environment

Location	Parameter
Location	Sign	Noise level max dBA	Average noise level dBA	SO 2  g/m 3	CO  g/m 3	NO 2  g/m 3	O 3  g/m 3	Flying dust  g/m 3
first	Km15, civil port up	A46	58.4	52.5	27.95	1022	18.21	26.31	154
2	Hai Yen Industrial Park	A47	58.3	53.2	24,25	2083	21.17	26.42	106
3	Ninh Industrial Park Positive	A48	59.9	51.8	29.66	2016	17.24	26.19	166
4	City Post Office	A49	76.8	68.8	30.89	3965	23.10	28.56	275
5	Hai Hoa landfill	A50	51.1	45.2	29.07	1044	17.21	28.18	34
6	Ancient Tea	A51	50.9	49.2	17.94	995	12.20	27.37	27
QCVN 05:2009/BTNMT QCVN 26:2010/BTNMT			-	70	350	30000	200	180	300

Source: Center for Environmental Monitoring and Analysis [15]

Notes: QCVN 05:2009/BTNMT – National technical regulation on ambient air quality; QCVN 26:2010/BTNMT – National technical regulation on noise; “-”: Regulations are not specified;

Monitoring results show that: The air environment around the monitoring points is of good quality, the concentration of toxic gases and dust at the above monitoring points is small and less volatile. The monitored and analyzed parameters are all within the allowable limits of QCVN 05:2009/BTNMT - National technical regulation on ambient air quality and QCVN 26:2010/BTNMT - Technical regulation National noise regulations.

(2) Water environment

Table 1.10 - Results of monitoring and analyzing surface water environment

Monitoring location	Symbol	Parameter
Monitoring location	Symbol	pH	Temperature ( 0 C)	DO mg/l	COD mg/l	BOD 5 mg/l	TSS mg/l	As mg/l	CD mg/l	Pb mg/l	Hg mg/	colifor m MPN/ 100ml	Oil mg/l
first	Ka Long River - Ninh Duong port	W6 4	7.28	23.1	5.28	15.9	13.7	26	0.0012	<0.0005	0.0432	<3.10 5	16	0.139
2	Ka River Long	W6 5	7.13	23.2	5.32	19,30	12.5	34	0.00082	<0.0005	0.0312	<3.10 5	4	0.124
3	Bac Luan Bridge River	W6 6	6.89	23	5.19	18.60	11.4	-	-	-	-		180	0.102
4	Ka Long river junction - Bac Luan	W6 7	6.87	23.2	5.36	28.90	111.0	55	0.00063	<0.0005	0.0388	<3.10 5	9	0.133
QCVN08:2008/B TNM (B1)			5.5-9	-	≥4	30	15	50	0.05	0.01	0.05	0.001	7500	0.1
QCVN08:2008/B TNM (B2)			5.5-9	-	≥2	50	25	100	0.1	0.01	0.05	0.002	10000	0.3

Source: Center for Environmental Monitoring and Analysis [15]

Note: B1: Used for irrigation purposes, or other uses with similar water quality requirements or uses as type B2; B2: Water transportation and other purposes with low quality water requirements; “-” sign: parameter not analyzed.

Monitoring results show that all monitoring parameters are within the B2 limit of QCVN 08: 2008/BTNMT, showing that surface water quality in the city is still relatively guaranteed.

Table 1.11 - Results of monitoring and analyzing domestic wastewater

Location	Parameter
Location	pH	Temperature ( 0 C)	TDS mg/l	BOD 5 mg/l	TSS mg/l	Coliform MPN/100 ml	Animal and vegetable oils and fats mg/l
first	Domestic wastewater in residential area of Tran Phu ward	7.58	24.8	1120.25	137.6	164	1600	0.346
QCVN14:2008/BTNMT (column B, K = 1)		-	-	1000	50	100	-	20

Source: Center for Environmental Monitoring and Analysis [15]

- Industrial wastewater: Hai Yen Industrial Park during the monitoring period put into operation a temporary wastewater treatment plant to treat wastewater generated from the food processing factory in the industrial park. During the monitoring period, it was shown that the treated wastewater had a total P concentration exceeding 2.7 times the permissible limit in column B of QCVN 40:2011/BTNMT.

Send Message